The European Commission has fined five car carriers 395 million euros ($484 million) for price collusion in the six years to September 2012. That has a parallel in a case completed by the South Korean government last year. There has been a partial realignment in market share since. Wallenius Wilhelmsen saw a drop in its share of U.S. inbound traffic to 13% in 2017 from 17% in 2012, while Hoegh increased to 7% from 3% and the Japanese shippers as a group were largely unchanged at 22%.